271 lines
9.2 KiB
Plaintext
271 lines
9.2 KiB
Plaintext
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
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Device Firmware Upgrade (DFU)
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Overview:
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The Device Firmware Upgrade (DFU) allows to download and upload firmware
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to/from U-Boot connected over USB.
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U-boot follows the Universal Serial Bus Device Class Specification for
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Device Firmware Upgrade Version 1.1 the USB forum (DFU v1.1 in www.usb.org).
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U-Boot implements this DFU capability (CONFIG_DFU) with the command dfu
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(cmd/dfu.c / CONFIG_CMD_DFU) based on:
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- the DFU stack (common/dfu.c and common/spl/spl_dfu.c), based on the
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USB DFU download gadget (drivers/usb/gadget/f_dfu.c)
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- The access to mediums is done in DFU backends (driver/dfu)
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Today the supported DFU backends are:
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- MMC (RAW or FAT / EXT2 / EXT3 / EXT4 file system)
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- NAND
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- RAM
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- SF (serial flash)
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- MTD (all MTD device: NAND, SPI-NOR, SPI-NAND,...)
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- virtual
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These DFU backends are also used by
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- the dfutftp (see README.dfutftp)
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- the thordown command (cmd/thordown.c and gadget/f_thor.c)
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The "virtual" backend is a generic DFU backend to support a board specific
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target (for example OTP), only based on the weak functions:
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- dfu_write_medium_virt
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- dfu_get_medium_size_virt
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- dfu_read_medium_virt
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Configuration Options:
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CONFIG_DFU
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CONFIG_DFU_OVER_USB
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CONFIG_DFU_MMC
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CONFIG_DFU_MTD
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CONFIG_DFU_NAND
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CONFIG_DFU_RAM
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CONFIG_DFU_SF
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CONFIG_DFU_SF_PART
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CONFIG_DFU_VIRTUAL
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CONFIG_CMD_DFU
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Environment variables:
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the dfu command use 3 environments variables:
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"dfu_alt_info" : the DFU setting for the USB download gadget with a comma
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separated string of information on each alternate:
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dfu_alt_info="<alt1>;<alt2>;....;<altN>"
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when only several device are used, the format is:
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- <interface> <dev>'='alternate list (';' separated)
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- each interface is separated by '&'
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dfu_alt_info=\
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"<interface1> <dev1>=<alt1>;....;<altN>&"\
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"<interface2> <dev2>=<altN+1>;....;<altM>&"\
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...\
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"<interfaceI> <devI>=<altY+1>;....;<altZ>&"
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"dfu_bufsiz" : size of the DFU buffer, when absent, use
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CONFIG_SYS_DFU_DATA_BUF_SIZE (8MiB by default)
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"dfu_hash_algo" : name of the hash algorithm to use
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Commands:
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dfu <USB_controller> [<interface> <dev>] list
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list the alternate device defined in "dfu_alt_info"
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dfu <USB_controller> [<interface> <dev>]
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start the dfu stack on the USB instance with the selected medium
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backend and use the "dfu_alt_info" variable to configure the
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alternate setting and link each one with the medium
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The dfu command continue until receive a ^C in console or
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a DFU detach transaction from HOST.
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The possible values of <interface> are :
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(with <USB controller> = 0 in the dfu command example)
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"mmc" (for eMMC and SD card)
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cmd: dfu 0 mmc <dev>
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each element in "dfu_alt_info" =
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<name> raw <offset> <size> raw access to mmc device
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<name> part <dev> <part_id> raw acces to partition
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<name> fat <dev> <part_id> file in FAT partition
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<name> ext4 <dev> <part_id> file in EXT4 partition
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with <partid> is the GPT or DOS partition index
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"nand" (raw slc nand device)
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cmd: dfu 0 nand <dev>
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each element in "dfu_alt_info" =
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<name> raw <offset> <size> raw access to mmc device
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<name> part <dev> <part_id> raw acces to partition
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<name> partubi <dev> <part_id> raw acces to ubi partition
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with <partid> is the MTD partition index
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"ram"
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cmd: dfu 0 ram <dev>
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(<dev> is not used for RAM target)
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each element in "dfu_alt_info" =
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<name> ram <offset> <size> raw access to ram
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"sf" (serial flash : NOR)
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cmd: dfu 0 sf <dev>
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each element in "dfu_alt_info" =
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<name> ram <offset> <size> raw access to sf device
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<name> part <dev> <part_id> raw acces to partition
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<name> partubi <dev> <part_id> raw acces to ubi partition
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with <partid> is the MTD partition index
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"mtd" (all MTD device: NAND, SPI-NOR, SPI-NAND,...)
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cmd: dfu 0 mtd <dev>
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with <dev> the mtd identifier as defined in mtd command
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(nand0, nor0, spi-nand0,...)
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each element in "dfu_alt_info" =
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<name> raw <offset> <size> raw access to mtd device
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<name> part <dev> <part_id> raw acces to partition
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<name> partubi <dev> <part_id> raw acces to ubi partition
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with <partid> is the MTD partition index
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"virt"
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cmd: dfu 0 virt <dev>
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each element in "dfu_alt_info" =
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<name>
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<interface> and <dev> are absent:
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the dfu command to use multiple devices
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cmd: dfu 0 list
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cmd: dfu 0
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"dfu_alt_info" variable provides the list of <interface> <dev> with
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alternate list separated by '&' with the same format for each <alt>
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mmc <dev>=<alt1>;....;<altN>
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nand <dev>=<alt1>;....;<altN>
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ram <dev>=<alt1>;....;<altN>
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sf <dev>=<alt1>;....;<altN>
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mtd <dev>=<alt1>;....;<altN>
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virt <dev>=<alt1>;....;<altN>
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Callbacks:
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The weak callback functions can be implemented to manage specific behavior
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- dfu_initiated_callback : called when the DFU transaction is started,
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used to initiase the device
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- dfu_flush_callback : called at the end of the DFU write after DFU
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manifestation, used to manage the device when
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DFU transaction is closed
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Host tools:
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When U-Boot runs the dfu stack, the DFU host tools can be used
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to send/receive firmwares on each configurated alternate.
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For example dfu-util is a host side implementation of the DFU 1.1
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specifications(http://dfu-util.sourceforge.net/) which works with U-Boot.
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Usage:
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Example 1: firmware located in eMMC or SD card, with:
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- alternate 1 (alt=1) for SPL partition (GPT partition 1)
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- alternate 2 (alt=2) for U-Boot partition (GPT partition 2)
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The U-Boot configuration is:
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U-Boot> env set dfu_alt_info "spl part 0 1;u-boot part 0 2"
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U-Boot> dfu 0 mmc 0 list
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DFU alt settings list:
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dev: eMMC alt: 0 name: spl layout: RAW_ADDR
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dev: eMMC alt: 1 name: u-boot layout: RAW_ADDR
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Boot> dfu 0 mmc 0
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On the Host side:
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list the available alternate setting:
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$> dfu-util -l
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dfu-util 0.9
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Copyright 2005-2009 Weston Schmidt, Harald Welte and OpenMoko Inc.
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Copyright 2010-2016 Tormod Volden and Stefan Schmidt
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This program is Free Software and has ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY
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Please report bugs to http://sourceforge.net/p/dfu-util/tickets/
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Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=0200, devnum=45, cfg=1, intf=0, path="3-1.3.1", \
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alt=1, name="u-boot", serial="003A00203438510D36383238"
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Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=0200, devnum=45, cfg=1, intf=0, path="3-1.3.1", \
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alt=0, name="spl", serial="003A00203438510D36383238"
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To download to U-Boot, use -D option
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$> dfu-util -a 0 -D u-boot-spl.bin
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$> dfu-util -a 1 -D u-boot.bin
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To upload from U-Boot, use -U option
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$> dfu-util -a 0 -U u-boot-spl.bin
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$> dfu-util -a 1 -U u-boot.bin
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To request a DFU detach and reset the USB connection:
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$> dfu-util -a 0 -e -R
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Example 2: firmware located in NOR (sf) and NAND, with:
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- alternate 1 (alt=1) for SPL partition (NOR GPT partition 1)
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- alternate 2 (alt=2) for U-Boot partition (NOR GPT partition 2)
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- alternate 3 (alt=3) for U-Boot-env partition (NOR GPT partition 3)
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- alternate 4 (alt=4) for UBI partition (NAND GPT partition 1)
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U-Boot> env set dfu_alt_info \
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"sf 0:0:10000000:0=spl part 0 1;u-boot part 0 2; \
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u-boot-env part 0 3&nand 0=UBI partubi 0,1"
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U-Boot> dfu 0 list
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DFU alt settings list:
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dev: SF alt: 0 name: spl layout: RAW_ADDR
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dev: SF alt: 1 name: ssbl layout: RAW_ADDR
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dev: SF alt: 2 name: u-boot-env layout: RAW_ADDR
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dev: NAND alt: 3 name: UBI layout: RAW_ADDR
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U-Boot> dfu 0
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$> dfu-util -l
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Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=96, cfg=1,\
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intf=0, alt=3, name="UBI", serial="002700333338511934383330"
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Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=96, cfg=1,\
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intf=0, alt=2, name="u-boot-env", serial="002700333338511934383330"
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Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=96, cfg=1,\
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intf=0, alt=1, name="u-boot", serial="002700333338511934383330"
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Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=96, cfg=1,\
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intf=0, alt=0, name="spl", serial="002700333338511934383330"
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Same example with MTD backend
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U-Boot> env set dfu_alt_info \
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"mtd nor0=spl part 1;u-boot part 2;u-boot-env part 3&"\
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"mtd nand0=UBI partubi 1"
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U-Boot> dfu 0 list
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using id 'nor0,0'
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using id 'nor0,1'
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using id 'nor0,2'
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using id 'nand0,0'
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DFU alt settings list:
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dev: MTD alt: 0 name: spl layout: RAW_ADDR
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dev: MTD alt: 1 name: u-boot layout: RAW_ADDR
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dev: MTD alt: 2 name: u-boot-env layout: RAW_ADDR
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dev: MTD alt: 3 name: UBI layout: RAW_ADDR
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Example 3: firmware located in SD Card (mmc) and virtual partition on
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OTP and PMIC not volatile memory
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- alternate 1 (alt=1) for scard
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- alternate 2 (alt=2) for OTP (virtual)
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- alternate 3 (alt=3) for PMIC NVM (virtual)
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U-Boot> env set dfu_alt_info \
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"mmc 0=sdcard raw 0 0x100000&"\
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"virt 0=otp" \
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"virt 1=pmic"
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U-Boot> dfu 0 list
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DFU alt settings list:
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dev: eMMC alt: 0 name: sdcard layout: RAW_ADDR
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dev: VIRT alt: 1 name: otp layout: RAW_ADDR
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dev: VIRT alt: 2 name: pmic layout: RAW_ADDR
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