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128 lines
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<a name="Interpreters"></a>
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Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="TUI.html#TUI">TUI</a>,
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Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Extending-GDB.html#Extending-GDB">Extending GDB</a>,
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Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="index.html#Top">Top</a>
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<h2 class="chapter">24 Command Interpreters</h2>
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<p><a name="index-command-interpreters-2892"></a>
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<span class="sc">gdb</span> supports multiple command interpreters, and some command
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infrastructure to allow users or user interface writers to switch
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between interpreters or run commands in other interpreters.
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<p><span class="sc">gdb</span> currently supports two command interpreters, the console
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interpreter (sometimes called the command-line interpreter or <span class="sc">cli</span>)
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and the machine interface interpreter (or <span class="sc">gdb/mi</span>). This manual
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describes both of these interfaces in great detail.
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<p>By default, <span class="sc">gdb</span> will start with the console interpreter.
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However, the user may choose to start <span class="sc">gdb</span> with another
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interpreter by specifying the <samp><span class="option">-i</span></samp> or <samp><span class="option">--interpreter</span></samp>
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startup options. Defined interpreters include:
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<dl>
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<dt><code>console</code><dd><a name="index-console-interpreter-2893"></a>The traditional console or command-line interpreter. This is the most often
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used interpreter with <span class="sc">gdb</span>. With no interpreter specified at runtime,
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<span class="sc">gdb</span> will use this interpreter.
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<br><dt><code>mi</code><dd><a name="index-mi-interpreter-2894"></a>The newest <span class="sc">gdb/mi</span> interface (currently <code>mi2</code>). Used primarily
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by programs wishing to use <span class="sc">gdb</span> as a backend for a debugger GUI
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or an IDE. For more information, see <a href="GDB_002fMI.html#GDB_002fMI">The <span class="sc">gdb/mi</span> Interface</a>.
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<br><dt><code>mi2</code><dd><a name="index-mi2-interpreter-2895"></a>The current <span class="sc">gdb/mi</span> interface.
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<br><dt><code>mi1</code><dd><a name="index-mi1-interpreter-2896"></a>The <span class="sc">gdb/mi</span> interface included in <span class="sc">gdb</span> 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3.
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</dl>
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<p><a name="index-invoke-another-interpreter-2897"></a>
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<a name="index-interpreter_002dexec-2898"></a>You may execute commands in any interpreter from the current
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interpreter using the appropriate command. If you are running the
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console interpreter, simply use the <code>interpreter-exec</code> command:
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<pre class="smallexample"> interpreter-exec mi "-data-list-register-names"
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</pre>
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<p><span class="sc">gdb/mi</span> has a similar command, although it is only available in versions of
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<span class="sc">gdb</span> which support <span class="sc">gdb/mi</span> version 2 (or greater).
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<p>Note that <code>interpreter-exec</code> only changes the interpreter for the
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duration of the specified command. It does not change the interpreter
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permanently.
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<p><a name="index-start-a-new-independent-interpreter-2899"></a>
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Although you may only choose a single interpreter at startup, it is
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possible to run an independent interpreter on a specified input/output
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device (usually a tty).
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<p>For example, consider a debugger GUI or IDE that wants to provide a
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<span class="sc">gdb</span> console view. It may do so by embedding a terminal
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emulator widget in its GUI, starting <span class="sc">gdb</span> in the traditional
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command-line mode with stdin/stdout/stderr redirected to that
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terminal, and then creating an MI interpreter running on a specified
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input/output device. The console interpreter created by <span class="sc">gdb</span>
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at startup handles commands the user types in the terminal widget,
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while the GUI controls and synchronizes state with <span class="sc">gdb</span> using
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the separate MI interpreter.
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<p>To start a new secondary <dfn>user interface</dfn> running MI, use the
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<code>new-ui</code> command:
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<p><a name="index-new_002dui-2900"></a><a name="index-new-user-interface-2901"></a>
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<pre class="smallexample"> new-ui <var>interpreter</var> <var>tty</var>
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</pre>
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<p>The <var>interpreter</var> parameter specifies the interpreter to run.
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This accepts the same values as the <code>interpreter-exec</code> command.
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For example, ‘<samp><span class="samp">console</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">mi</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">mi2</span></samp>’, etc. The
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<var>tty</var> parameter specifies the name of the bidirectional file the
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interpreter uses for input/output, usually the name of a
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pseudoterminal slave on Unix systems. For example:
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<pre class="smallexample"> (gdb) new-ui mi /dev/pts/9
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</pre>
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<p class="noindent">runs an MI interpreter on <samp><span class="file">/dev/pts/9</span></samp>.
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