368 lines
12 KiB
Groff
368 lines
12 KiB
Groff
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.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.22 (Pod::Simple 3.13)
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.\"
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.\" Standard preamble:
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.\" ========================================================================
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.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP)
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.if t .sp .5v
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.nf
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.de Ve \" End verbatim text
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.ft R
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.fi
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..
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.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will
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.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left
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.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will
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.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and
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.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff,
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.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>.
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.tr \(*W-
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.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p'
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.ie n \{\
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. ds -- \(*W-
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. ds PI pi
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. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch
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. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch
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. ds L" ""
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. ds R" ""
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. ds C` ""
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. ds C' ""
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'br\}
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.el\{\
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. ds -- \|\(em\|
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. ds PI \(*p
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. ds R" ''
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'br\}
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.\"
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.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform.
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.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
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.el .ds Aq '
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.\"
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.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for
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.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index
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.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the
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.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion.
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.ie \nF \{\
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. de IX
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. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2"
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..
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. nr % 0
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. rr F
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.\}
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.el \{\
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. de IX
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..
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.\}
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.\"
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.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2).
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.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts.
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. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff
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.if n \{\
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. ds #V .8m
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. ds #F .3m
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. ds #[ \f1
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. ds #] \fP
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.\}
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.if t \{\
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. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m)
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. ds #V .6m
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. ds #F 0
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. ds #[ \&
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. ds #] \&
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.\}
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. \" simple accents for nroff and troff
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.if n \{\
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. ds ' \&
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. ds ` \&
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. ds ^ \&
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. ds , \&
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. ds /
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.\}
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.if t \{\
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. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u"
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. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u'
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. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u'
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. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u'
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. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u'
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.\}
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. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents
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.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V'
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.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H'
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.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#]
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.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u'
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.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#]
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.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#]
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.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e
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.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E
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. \" corrections for vroff
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.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u'
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.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u'
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. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr)
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.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \
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\{\
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. ds : e
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. ds 8 ss
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. ds o a
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. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga
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. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy
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. ds th \o'bp'
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. ds Th \o'LP'
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. ds ae ae
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.\}
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.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C
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.\" ========================================================================
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.\"
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.IX Title "C++FILT 1"
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.TH C++FILT 1 "2019-12-09" "binutils-2.33.1" "GNU Development Tools"
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.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
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.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
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.if n .ad l
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.nh
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.SH "NAME"
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c++filt \- demangle C++ and Java symbols
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"
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.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
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c++filt [\fB\-_\fR|\fB\-\-strip\-underscore\fR]
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[\fB\-n\fR|\fB\-\-no\-strip\-underscore\fR]
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[\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-no\-params\fR]
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[\fB\-t\fR|\fB\-\-types\fR]
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[\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-no\-verbose\fR]
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[\fB\-r\fR|\fB\-\-no\-recurse\-limit\fR]
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[\fB\-R\fR|\fB\-\-recurse\-limit\fR]
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[\fB\-s\fR \fIformat\fR|\fB\-\-format=\fR\fIformat\fR]
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[\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-\-version\fR] [\fIsymbol\fR...]
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
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The \*(C+ and Java languages provide function overloading, which means
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that you can write many functions with the same name, providing that
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each function takes parameters of different types. In order to be
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able to distinguish these similarly named functions \*(C+ and Java
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encode them into a low-level assembler name which uniquely identifies
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each different version. This process is known as \fImangling\fR. The
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\&\fBc++filt\fR
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[1]
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program does the inverse mapping: it decodes (\fIdemangles\fR) low-level
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names into user-level names so that they can be read.
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.PP
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Every alphanumeric word (consisting of letters, digits, underscores,
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dollars, or periods) seen in the input is a potential mangled name.
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If the name decodes into a \*(C+ name, the \*(C+ name replaces the
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low-level name in the output, otherwise the original word is output.
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In this way you can pass an entire assembler source file, containing
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mangled names, through \fBc++filt\fR and see the same source file
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containing demangled names.
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.PP
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You can also use \fBc++filt\fR to decipher individual symbols by
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passing them on the command line:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& c++filt <symbol>
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.Ve
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.PP
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If no \fIsymbol\fR arguments are given, \fBc++filt\fR reads symbol
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names from the standard input instead. All the results are printed on
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the standard output. The difference between reading names from the
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command line versus reading names from the standard input is that
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command-line arguments are expected to be just mangled names and no
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checking is performed to separate them from surrounding text. Thus
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for example:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& c++filt \-n _Z1fv
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.Ve
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.PP
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will work and demangle the name to \*(L"f()\*(R" whereas:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& c++filt \-n _Z1fv,
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.Ve
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.PP
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will not work. (Note the extra comma at the end of the mangled
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name which makes it invalid). This command however will work:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& echo _Z1fv, | c++filt \-n
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.Ve
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.PP
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and will display \*(L"f(),\*(R", i.e., the demangled name followed by a
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trailing comma. This behaviour is because when the names are read
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from the standard input it is expected that they might be part of an
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assembler source file where there might be extra, extraneous
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characters trailing after a mangled name. For example:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& .type _Z1fv, @function
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.Ve
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.SH "OPTIONS"
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.IX Header "OPTIONS"
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.IP "\fB\-_\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-_"
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.PD 0
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.IP "\fB\-\-strip\-underscore\fR" 4
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.IX Item "--strip-underscore"
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.PD
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On some systems, both the C and \*(C+ compilers put an underscore in front
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of every name. For example, the C name \f(CW\*(C`foo\*(C'\fR gets the low-level
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name \f(CW\*(C`_foo\*(C'\fR. This option removes the initial underscore. Whether
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\&\fBc++filt\fR removes the underscore by default is target dependent.
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.IP "\fB\-n\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-n"
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.PD 0
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.IP "\fB\-\-no\-strip\-underscore\fR" 4
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.IX Item "--no-strip-underscore"
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.PD
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Do not remove the initial underscore.
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.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-p"
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.PD 0
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.IP "\fB\-\-no\-params\fR" 4
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.IX Item "--no-params"
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.PD
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When demangling the name of a function, do not display the types of
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the function's parameters.
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.IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-t"
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.PD 0
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.IP "\fB\-\-types\fR" 4
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.IX Item "--types"
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.PD
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Attempt to demangle types as well as function names. This is disabled
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by default since mangled types are normally only used internally in
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the compiler, and they can be confused with non-mangled names. For example,
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a function called \*(L"a\*(R" treated as a mangled type name would be
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demangled to \*(L"signed char\*(R".
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.IP "\fB\-i\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-i"
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.PD 0
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.IP "\fB\-\-no\-verbose\fR" 4
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.IX Item "--no-verbose"
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.PD
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Do not include implementation details (if any) in the demangled
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output.
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.IP "\fB\-r\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-r"
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.PD 0
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.IP "\fB\-R\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-R"
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.IP "\fB\-\-recurse\-limit\fR" 4
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.IX Item "--recurse-limit"
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.IP "\fB\-\-no\-recurse\-limit\fR" 4
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.IX Item "--no-recurse-limit"
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.IP "\fB\-\-recursion\-limit\fR" 4
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.IX Item "--recursion-limit"
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.IP "\fB\-\-no\-recursion\-limit\fR" 4
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.IX Item "--no-recursion-limit"
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.PD
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Enables or disables a limit on the amount of recursion performed
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whilst demangling strings. Since the name mangling formats allow for
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an inifinite level of recursion it is possible to create strings whose
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decoding will exhaust the amount of stack space available on the host
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machine, triggering a memory fault. The limit tries to prevent this
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from happening by restricting recursion to 2048 levels of nesting.
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.Sp
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The default is for this limit to be enabled, but disabling it may be
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necessary in order to demangle truly complicated names. Note however
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that if the recursion limit is disabled then stack exhaustion is
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possible and any bug reports about such an event will be rejected.
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.Sp
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The \fB\-r\fR option is a synonym for the
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\&\fB\-\-no\-recurse\-limit\fR option. The \fB\-R\fR option is a
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synonym for the \fB\-\-recurse\-limit\fR option.
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.IP "\fB\-s\fR \fIformat\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-s format"
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.PD 0
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.IP "\fB\-\-format=\fR\fIformat\fR" 4
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.IX Item "--format=format"
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.PD
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\&\fBc++filt\fR can decode various methods of mangling, used by
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different compilers. The argument to this option selects which
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method it uses:
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.RS 4
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.ie n .IP """auto""" 4
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.el .IP "\f(CWauto\fR" 4
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.IX Item "auto"
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Automatic selection based on executable (the default method)
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.ie n .IP """gnu""" 4
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.el .IP "\f(CWgnu\fR" 4
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.IX Item "gnu"
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the one used by the \s-1GNU\s0 \*(C+ compiler (g++)
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.ie n .IP """lucid""" 4
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.el .IP "\f(CWlucid\fR" 4
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.IX Item "lucid"
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the one used by the Lucid compiler (lcc)
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.ie n .IP """arm""" 4
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.el .IP "\f(CWarm\fR" 4
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.IX Item "arm"
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the one specified by the \*(C+ Annotated Reference Manual
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.ie n .IP """hp""" 4
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.el .IP "\f(CWhp\fR" 4
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.IX Item "hp"
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the one used by the \s-1HP\s0 compiler (aCC)
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.ie n .IP """edg""" 4
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.el .IP "\f(CWedg\fR" 4
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.IX Item "edg"
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the one used by the \s-1EDG\s0 compiler
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.ie n .IP """gnu\-v3""" 4
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.el .IP "\f(CWgnu\-v3\fR" 4
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.IX Item "gnu-v3"
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the one used by the \s-1GNU\s0 \*(C+ compiler (g++) with the V3 \s-1ABI\s0.
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.ie n .IP """java""" 4
|
||
|
|
.el .IP "\f(CWjava\fR" 4
|
||
|
|
.IX Item "java"
|
||
|
|
the one used by the \s-1GNU\s0 Java compiler (gcj)
|
||
|
|
.ie n .IP """gnat""" 4
|
||
|
|
.el .IP "\f(CWgnat\fR" 4
|
||
|
|
.IX Item "gnat"
|
||
|
|
the one used by the \s-1GNU\s0 Ada compiler (\s-1GNAT\s0).
|
||
|
|
.RE
|
||
|
|
.RS 4
|
||
|
|
.RE
|
||
|
|
.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4
|
||
|
|
.IX Item "--help"
|
||
|
|
Print a summary of the options to \fBc++filt\fR and exit.
|
||
|
|
.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4
|
||
|
|
.IX Item "--version"
|
||
|
|
Print the version number of \fBc++filt\fR and exit.
|
||
|
|
.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4
|
||
|
|
.IX Item "@file"
|
||
|
|
Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are
|
||
|
|
inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR
|
||
|
|
does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated
|
||
|
|
literally, and not removed.
|
||
|
|
.Sp
|
||
|
|
Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace
|
||
|
|
character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire
|
||
|
|
option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a
|
||
|
|
backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included
|
||
|
|
with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional
|
||
|
|
@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively.
|
||
|
|
.SH "FOOTNOTES"
|
||
|
|
.IX Header "FOOTNOTES"
|
||
|
|
.IP "1." 4
|
||
|
|
MS-DOS does not allow \f(CW\*(C`+\*(C'\fR characters in file names, so on
|
||
|
|
MS-DOS this program is named \fB\s-1CXXFILT\s0\fR.
|
||
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||
|
|
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
|
||
|
|
the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR.
|
||
|
|
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
|
||
|
|
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
|
||
|
|
Copyright (c) 1991\-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
||
|
|
.PP
|
||
|
|
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
|
||
|
|
under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
|
||
|
|
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
|
||
|
|
with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
|
||
|
|
Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
|
||
|
|
section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R".
|