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8.3 KiB
HTML
126 lines
8.3 KiB
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<title>File Options - Debugging with GDB</title>
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<meta name="description" content="Debugging with GDB">
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<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
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<link rel="up" href="Invoking-GDB.html#Invoking-GDB" title="Invoking GDB">
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<link rel="next" href="Mode-Options.html#Mode-Options" title="Mode Options">
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Copyright (C) 1988-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
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any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
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Invariant Sections being ``Free Software'' and ``Free Software Needs
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Free Documentation'', with the Front-Cover Texts being ``A GNU Manual,''
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and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below.
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(a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You are free to copy and modify
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="node">
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<a name="File-Options"></a>
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<p>
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Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Mode-Options.html#Mode-Options">Mode Options</a>,
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Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Invoking-GDB.html#Invoking-GDB">Invoking GDB</a>
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<hr>
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</div>
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<h4 class="subsection">2.1.1 Choosing Files</h4>
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<p>When <span class="sc">gdb</span> starts, it reads any arguments other than options as
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specifying an executable file and core file (or process ID). This is
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the same as if the arguments were specified by the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-se</span></samp>’ and
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‘<samp><span class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ (or ‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’) options respectively. (<span class="sc">gdb</span> reads the
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first argument that does not have an associated option flag as
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equivalent to the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-se</span></samp>’ option followed by that argument; and the
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second argument that does not have an associated option flag, if any, as
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equivalent to the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-c</span></samp>’/‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ option followed by that argument.)
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If the second argument begins with a decimal digit, <span class="sc">gdb</span> will
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first attempt to attach to it as a process, and if that fails, attempt
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to open it as a corefile. If you have a corefile whose name begins with
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a digit, you can prevent <span class="sc">gdb</span> from treating it as a pid by
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prefixing it with <samp><span class="file">./</span></samp>, e.g. <samp><span class="file">./12345</span></samp>.
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<p>If <span class="sc">gdb</span> has not been configured to included core file support,
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such as for most embedded targets, then it will complain about a second
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argument and ignore it.
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<p>Many options have both long and short forms; both are shown in the
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following list. <span class="sc">gdb</span> also recognizes the long forms if you truncate
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them, so long as enough of the option is present to be unambiguous.
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(If you prefer, you can flag option arguments with ‘<samp><span class="samp">--</span></samp>’ rather
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than ‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>’, though we illustrate the more usual convention.)
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<!-- NOTE: the @cindex entries here use double dashes ON PURPOSE. This -->
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<!-- way, both those who look for -foo and -foo in the index, will find -->
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<!-- it. -->
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<dl>
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<dt><code>-symbols </code><var>file</var><dt><code>-s </code><var>file</var><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002d_002dsymbols_007d-4"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002ds_007d-5"></a>Read symbol table from file <var>file</var>.
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<br><dt><code>-exec </code><var>file</var><dt><code>-e </code><var>file</var><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002d_002dexec_007d-6"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002de_007d-7"></a>Use file <var>file</var> as the executable file to execute when appropriate,
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and for examining pure data in conjunction with a core dump.
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<br><dt><code>-se </code><var>file</var><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002d_002dse_007d-8"></a>Read symbol table from file <var>file</var> and use it as the executable
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file.
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<br><dt><code>-core </code><var>file</var><dt><code>-c </code><var>file</var><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002d_002dcore_007d-9"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dc_007d-10"></a>Use file <var>file</var> as a core dump to examine.
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<br><dt><code>-pid </code><var>number</var><dt><code>-p </code><var>number</var><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002d_002dpid_007d-11"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dp_007d-12"></a>Connect to process ID <var>number</var>, as with the <code>attach</code> command.
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<br><dt><code>-command </code><var>file</var><dt><code>-x </code><var>file</var><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002d_002dcommand_007d-13"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dx_007d-14"></a>Execute commands from file <var>file</var>. The contents of this file is
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evaluated exactly as the <code>source</code> command would.
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See <a href="Command-Files.html#Command-Files">Command files</a>.
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<br><dt><code>-eval-command </code><var>command</var><dt><code>-ex </code><var>command</var><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002d_002deval_002dcommand_007d-15"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dex_007d-16"></a>Execute a single <span class="sc">gdb</span> command.
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<p>This option may be used multiple times to call multiple commands. It may
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also be interleaved with ‘<samp><span class="samp">-command</span></samp>’ as required.
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<pre class="smallexample"> gdb -ex 'target sim' -ex 'load' \
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-x setbreakpoints -ex 'run' a.out
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</pre>
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<br><dt><code>-init-command </code><var>file</var><dt><code>-ix </code><var>file</var><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002d_002dinit_002dcommand_007d-17"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dix_007d-18"></a>Execute commands from file <var>file</var> before loading the inferior (but
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after loading gdbinit files).
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See <a href="Startup.html#Startup">Startup</a>.
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<br><dt><code>-init-eval-command </code><var>command</var><dt><code>-iex </code><var>command</var><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002d_002dinit_002deval_002dcommand_007d-19"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002diex_007d-20"></a>Execute a single <span class="sc">gdb</span> command before loading the inferior (but
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after loading gdbinit files).
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See <a href="Startup.html#Startup">Startup</a>.
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<br><dt><code>-directory </code><var>directory</var><dt><code>-d </code><var>directory</var><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002d_002ddirectory_007d-21"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dd_007d-22"></a>Add <var>directory</var> to the path to search for source and script files.
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<br><dt><code>-r</code><dt><code>-readnow</code><dd><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002d_002dreadnow_007d-23"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dr_007d-24"></a>Read each symbol file's entire symbol table immediately, rather than
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the default, which is to read it incrementally as it is needed.
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This makes startup slower, but makes future operations faster.
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<br><dt><code>--readnever</code><dd><a name="g_t_002d_002dreadnever"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002d_002dreadnever_007d_002c-command_002dline-option-25"></a>Do not read each symbol file's symbolic debug information. This makes
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startup faster but at the expense of not being able to perform
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symbolic debugging. DWARF unwind information is also not read,
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meaning backtraces may become incomplete or inaccurate. One use of
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this is when a user simply wants to do the following sequence: attach,
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dump core, detach. Loading the debugging information in this case is
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an unnecessary cause of delay.
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</dl>
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</body></html>
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