linux/linux-5.18.11/drivers/usb/dwc3/dwc3-pci.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * dwc3-pci.c - PCI Specific glue layer
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2010-2011 Texas Instruments Incorporated - https://www.ti.com
 *
 * Authors: Felipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com>,
 *	    Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
 */

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/pci.h>
#include <linux/workqueue.h>
#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/gpio/consumer.h>
#include <linux/gpio/machine.h>
#include <linux/acpi.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>

#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_BYT			0x0f37
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_MRFLD		0x119e
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_BSW			0x22b7
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_SPTLP		0x9d30
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_SPTH		0xa130
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_BXT			0x0aaa
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_BXT_M		0x1aaa
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_APL			0x5aaa
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_KBP			0xa2b0
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_CMLLP		0x02ee
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_CMLH		0x06ee
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_GLK			0x31aa
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_CNPLP		0x9dee
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_CNPH		0xa36e
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_CNPV		0xa3b0
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_ICLLP		0x34ee
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_EHL			0x4b7e
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_TGPLP		0xa0ee
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_TGPH		0x43ee
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_JSP			0x4dee
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_ADL			0x465e
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_ADLP		0x51ee
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_ADLM		0x54ee
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_ADLS		0x7ae1
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_RPLS		0x7a61
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_MTLP		0x7ec1
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_MTL			0x7e7e
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_TGL			0x9a15
#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_MR			0x163a

#define PCI_INTEL_BXT_DSM_GUID		"732b85d5-b7a7-4a1b-9ba0-4bbd00ffd511"
#define PCI_INTEL_BXT_FUNC_PMU_PWR	4
#define PCI_INTEL_BXT_STATE_D0		0
#define PCI_INTEL_BXT_STATE_D3		3

#define GP_RWBAR			1
#define GP_RWREG1			0xa0
#define GP_RWREG1_ULPI_REFCLK_DISABLE	(1 << 17)

/**
 * struct dwc3_pci - Driver private structure
 * @dwc3: child dwc3 platform_device
 * @pci: our link to PCI bus
 * @guid: _DSM GUID
 * @has_dsm_for_pm: true for devices which need to run _DSM on runtime PM
 * @wakeup_work: work for asynchronous resume
 */
struct dwc3_pci {
	struct platform_device *dwc3;
	struct pci_dev *pci;

	guid_t guid;

	unsigned int has_dsm_for_pm:1;
	struct work_struct wakeup_work;
};

static const struct acpi_gpio_params reset_gpios = { 0, 0, false };
static const struct acpi_gpio_params cs_gpios = { 1, 0, false };

static const struct acpi_gpio_mapping acpi_dwc3_byt_gpios[] = {
	{ "reset-gpios", &reset_gpios, 1 },
	{ "cs-gpios", &cs_gpios, 1 },
	{ },
};

static struct gpiod_lookup_table platform_bytcr_gpios = {
	.dev_id		= "0000:00:16.0",
	.table		= {
		GPIO_LOOKUP("INT33FC:00", 54, "cs", GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH),
		GPIO_LOOKUP("INT33FC:02", 14, "reset", GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH),
		{}
	},
};

static int dwc3_byt_enable_ulpi_refclock(struct pci_dev *pci)
{
	void __iomem	*reg;
	u32		value;

	reg = pcim_iomap(pci, GP_RWBAR, 0);
	if (!reg)
		return -ENOMEM;

	value = readl(reg + GP_RWREG1);
	if (!(value & GP_RWREG1_ULPI_REFCLK_DISABLE))
		goto unmap; /* ULPI refclk already enabled */

	value &= ~GP_RWREG1_ULPI_REFCLK_DISABLE;
	writel(value, reg + GP_RWREG1);
	/* This comes from the Intel Android x86 tree w/o any explanation */
	msleep(100);
unmap:
	pcim_iounmap(pci, reg);
	return 0;
}

static const struct property_entry dwc3_pci_intel_properties[] = {
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_STRING("dr_mode", "peripheral"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("linux,sysdev_is_parent"),
	{}
};

static const struct property_entry dwc3_pci_intel_phy_charger_detect_properties[] = {
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_STRING("dr_mode", "peripheral"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,dis_u2_susphy_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("linux,phy_charger_detect"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("linux,sysdev_is_parent"),
	{}
};

static const struct property_entry dwc3_pci_intel_byt_properties[] = {
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_STRING("dr_mode", "peripheral"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,dis_u2_susphy_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("linux,sysdev_is_parent"),
	{}
};

static const struct property_entry dwc3_pci_mrfld_properties[] = {
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_STRING("dr_mode", "otg"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_STRING("linux,extcon-name", "mrfld_bcove_pwrsrc"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,dis_u3_susphy_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,dis_u2_susphy_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,usb2-gadget-lpm-disable"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("linux,sysdev_is_parent"),
	{}
};

static const struct property_entry dwc3_pci_amd_properties[] = {
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,has-lpm-erratum"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_U8("snps,lpm-nyet-threshold", 0xf),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,u2exit_lfps_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,u2ss_inp3_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,req_p1p2p3_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,del_p1p2p3_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,del_phy_power_chg_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,lfps_filter_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,rx_detect_poll_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,tx_de_emphasis_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_U8("snps,tx_de_emphasis", 1),
	/* FIXME these quirks should be removed when AMD NL tapes out */
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,disable_scramble_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,dis_u3_susphy_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("snps,dis_u2_susphy_quirk"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("linux,sysdev_is_parent"),
	{}
};

static const struct property_entry dwc3_pci_mr_properties[] = {
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_STRING("dr_mode", "otg"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("usb-role-switch"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_STRING("role-switch-default-mode", "host"),
	PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("linux,sysdev_is_parent"),
	{}
};

static const struct software_node dwc3_pci_intel_swnode = {
	.properties = dwc3_pci_intel_properties,
};

static const struct software_node dwc3_pci_intel_phy_charger_detect_swnode = {
	.properties = dwc3_pci_intel_phy_charger_detect_properties,
};

static const struct software_node dwc3_pci_intel_byt_swnode = {
	.properties = dwc3_pci_intel_byt_properties,
};

static const struct software_node dwc3_pci_intel_mrfld_swnode = {
	.properties = dwc3_pci_mrfld_properties,
};

static const struct software_node dwc3_pci_amd_swnode = {
	.properties = dwc3_pci_amd_properties,
};

static const struct software_node dwc3_pci_amd_mr_swnode = {
	.properties = dwc3_pci_mr_properties,
};

static int dwc3_pci_quirks(struct dwc3_pci *dwc,
			   const struct software_node *swnode)
{
	struct pci_dev			*pdev = dwc->pci;

	if (pdev->vendor == PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL) {
		if (pdev->device == PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_BXT ||
		    pdev->device == PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_BXT_M ||
		    pdev->device == PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_EHL) {
			guid_parse(PCI_INTEL_BXT_DSM_GUID, &dwc->guid);
			dwc->has_dsm_for_pm = true;
		}

		if (pdev->device == PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_BYT) {
			struct gpio_desc *gpio;
			int ret;

			/* On BYT the FW does not always enable the refclock */
			ret = dwc3_byt_enable_ulpi_refclock(pdev);
			if (ret)
				return ret;

			ret = devm_acpi_dev_add_driver_gpios(&pdev->dev,
					acpi_dwc3_byt_gpios);
			if (ret)
				dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "failed to add mapping table\n");

			/*
			 * A lot of BYT devices lack ACPI resource entries for
			 * the GPIOs, add a fallback mapping to the reference
			 * design GPIOs which all boards seem to use.
			 */
			gpiod_add_lookup_table(&platform_bytcr_gpios);

			/*
			 * These GPIOs will turn on the USB2 PHY. Note that we have to
			 * put the gpio descriptors again here because the phy driver
			 * might want to grab them, too.
			 */
			gpio = gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "cs", GPIOD_OUT_LOW);
			if (IS_ERR(gpio))
				return PTR_ERR(gpio);

			gpiod_set_value_cansleep(gpio, 1);
			gpiod_put(gpio);

			gpio = gpiod_get_optional(&pdev->dev, "reset", GPIOD_OUT_LOW);
			if (IS_ERR(gpio))
				return PTR_ERR(gpio);

			if (gpio) {
				gpiod_set_value_cansleep(gpio, 1);
				gpiod_put(gpio);
				usleep_range(10000, 11000);
			}

			/*
			 * Make the pdev name predictable (only 1 DWC3 on BYT)
			 * and patch the phy dev-name into the lookup table so
			 * that the phy-driver can get the GPIOs.
			 */
			dwc->dwc3->id = PLATFORM_DEVID_NONE;
			platform_bytcr_gpios.dev_id = "dwc3.ulpi";

			/*
			 * Some Android tablets with a Crystal Cove PMIC
			 * (INT33FD), rely on the TUSB1211 phy for charger
			 * detection. These can be identified by them _not_
			 * using the standard ACPI battery and ac drivers.
			 */
			if (acpi_dev_present("INT33FD", "1", 2) &&
			    acpi_quirk_skip_acpi_ac_and_battery()) {
				dev_info(&pdev->dev, "Using TUSB1211 phy for charger detection\n");
				swnode = &dwc3_pci_intel_phy_charger_detect_swnode;
			}
		}
	}

	return device_add_software_node(&dwc->dwc3->dev, swnode);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_PM
static void dwc3_pci_resume_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
	struct dwc3_pci *dwc = container_of(work, struct dwc3_pci, wakeup_work);
	struct platform_device *dwc3 = dwc->dwc3;
	int ret;

	ret = pm_runtime_get_sync(&dwc3->dev);
	if (ret < 0) {
		pm_runtime_put_sync_autosuspend(&dwc3->dev);
		return;
	}

	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(&dwc3->dev);
	pm_runtime_put_sync_autosuspend(&dwc3->dev);
}
#endif

static int dwc3_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *id)
{
	struct dwc3_pci		*dwc;
	struct resource		res[2];
	int			ret;
	struct device		*dev = &pci->dev;

	ret = pcim_enable_device(pci);
	if (ret) {
		dev_err(dev, "failed to enable pci device\n");
		return -ENODEV;
	}

	pci_set_master(pci);

	dwc = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*dwc), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!dwc)
		return -ENOMEM;

	dwc->dwc3 = platform_device_alloc("dwc3", PLATFORM_DEVID_AUTO);
	if (!dwc->dwc3)
		return -ENOMEM;

	memset(res, 0x00, sizeof(struct resource) * ARRAY_SIZE(res));

	res[0].start	= pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
	res[0].end	= pci_resource_end(pci, 0);
	res[0].name	= "dwc_usb3";
	res[0].flags	= IORESOURCE_MEM;

	res[1].start	= pci->irq;
	res[1].name	= "dwc_usb3";
	res[1].flags	= IORESOURCE_IRQ;

	ret = platform_device_add_resources(dwc->dwc3, res, ARRAY_SIZE(res));
	if (ret) {
		dev_err(dev, "couldn't add resources to dwc3 device\n");
		goto err;
	}

	dwc->pci = pci;
	dwc->dwc3->dev.parent = dev;
	ACPI_COMPANION_SET(&dwc->dwc3->dev, ACPI_COMPANION(dev));

	ret = dwc3_pci_quirks(dwc, (void *)id->driver_data);
	if (ret)
		goto err;

	ret = platform_device_add(dwc->dwc3);
	if (ret) {
		dev_err(dev, "failed to register dwc3 device\n");
		goto err;
	}

	device_init_wakeup(dev, true);
	pci_set_drvdata(pci, dwc);
	pm_runtime_put(dev);
#ifdef CONFIG_PM
	INIT_WORK(&dwc->wakeup_work, dwc3_pci_resume_work);
#endif

	return 0;
err:
	device_remove_software_node(&dwc->dwc3->dev);
	platform_device_put(dwc->dwc3);
	return ret;
}

static void dwc3_pci_remove(struct pci_dev *pci)
{
	struct dwc3_pci		*dwc = pci_get_drvdata(pci);
	struct pci_dev		*pdev = dwc->pci;

	if (pdev->device == PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_BYT)
		gpiod_remove_lookup_table(&platform_bytcr_gpios);
#ifdef CONFIG_PM
	cancel_work_sync(&dwc->wakeup_work);
#endif
	device_init_wakeup(&pci->dev, false);
	pm_runtime_get(&pci->dev);
	device_remove_software_node(&dwc->dwc3->dev);
	platform_device_unregister(dwc->dwc3);
}

static const struct pci_device_id dwc3_pci_id_table[] = {
	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_BSW),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_BYT),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_byt_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_MRFLD),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_mrfld_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_CMLLP),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_CMLH),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_SPTLP),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_SPTH),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_BXT),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_BXT_M),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_APL),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_KBP),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_GLK),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_CNPLP),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_CNPH),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_CNPV),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_ICLLP),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_EHL),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_TGPLP),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_TGPH),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_JSP),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_ADL),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_ADLP),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_ADLM),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_ADLS),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_RPLS),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_MTLP),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_MTL),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(INTEL, PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_TGL),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_intel_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(AMD, PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_NL_USB),
	  (kernel_ulong_t) &dwc3_pci_amd_swnode, },

	{ PCI_VDEVICE(AMD, PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_MR),
	  (kernel_ulong_t)&dwc3_pci_amd_mr_swnode, },

	{  }	/* Terminating Entry */
};
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, dwc3_pci_id_table);

#if defined(CONFIG_PM) || defined(CONFIG_PM_SLEEP)
static int dwc3_pci_dsm(struct dwc3_pci *dwc, int param)
{
	union acpi_object *obj;
	union acpi_object tmp;
	union acpi_object argv4 = ACPI_INIT_DSM_ARGV4(1, &tmp);

	if (!dwc->has_dsm_for_pm)
		return 0;

	tmp.type = ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER;
	tmp.integer.value = param;

	obj = acpi_evaluate_dsm(ACPI_HANDLE(&dwc->pci->dev), &dwc->guid,
			1, PCI_INTEL_BXT_FUNC_PMU_PWR, &argv4);
	if (!obj) {
		dev_err(&dwc->pci->dev, "failed to evaluate _DSM\n");
		return -EIO;
	}

	ACPI_FREE(obj);

	return 0;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_PM || CONFIG_PM_SLEEP */

#ifdef CONFIG_PM
static int dwc3_pci_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev)
{
	struct dwc3_pci		*dwc = dev_get_drvdata(dev);

	if (device_can_wakeup(dev))
		return dwc3_pci_dsm(dwc, PCI_INTEL_BXT_STATE_D3);

	return -EBUSY;
}

static int dwc3_pci_runtime_resume(struct device *dev)
{
	struct dwc3_pci		*dwc = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
	int			ret;

	ret = dwc3_pci_dsm(dwc, PCI_INTEL_BXT_STATE_D0);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	queue_work(pm_wq, &dwc->wakeup_work);

	return 0;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_PM */

#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
static int dwc3_pci_suspend(struct device *dev)
{
	struct dwc3_pci		*dwc = dev_get_drvdata(dev);

	return dwc3_pci_dsm(dwc, PCI_INTEL_BXT_STATE_D3);
}

static int dwc3_pci_resume(struct device *dev)
{
	struct dwc3_pci		*dwc = dev_get_drvdata(dev);

	return dwc3_pci_dsm(dwc, PCI_INTEL_BXT_STATE_D0);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_PM_SLEEP */

static const struct dev_pm_ops dwc3_pci_dev_pm_ops = {
	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(dwc3_pci_suspend, dwc3_pci_resume)
	SET_RUNTIME_PM_OPS(dwc3_pci_runtime_suspend, dwc3_pci_runtime_resume,
		NULL)
};

static struct pci_driver dwc3_pci_driver = {
	.name		= "dwc3-pci",
	.id_table	= dwc3_pci_id_table,
	.probe		= dwc3_pci_probe,
	.remove		= dwc3_pci_remove,
	.driver		= {
		.pm	= &dwc3_pci_dev_pm_ops,
	}
};

MODULE_AUTHOR("Felipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com>");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("DesignWare USB3 PCI Glue Layer");

module_pci_driver(dwc3_pci_driver);